Electron Densities in Molecules and Molecular Orbitals aims to explain the subject of molecular orbitals without having to rely much on its mathematical aspect, making it more approachable to those who are new to quantum chemistry. The book covers topics such as orbitals in quantum-chemical calculations; electronic ionizations and transitions; molecular-orbital change distributions; orbital transformations and calculations not involving orbitals; and electron densities and shapes in atoms and molecules. Also included in the book are the cross-sectional plots of electron densities of compounds such as organic compounds like methane, ethane, and ethylene; monomeric lithium fluoride and monomeric methyl lithium; hydrogen cyanide and methinophosphide; and monomeric borane and diborane. The text is recommended for those who have begun taking an interest in quantum chemistry but do not wish to deal yet with the mathematics part of the subject. Read more

The international bestseller: an introduction to the theory of relativity by the eminent physicists Brian Cox and Jeff Forshaw What does E=mc2 actually mean? Dr. Brian Cox and Professor Jeff Forshaw go on a journey to the frontier of twenty-first century science to unpack Einstein's famous equation. Explaining and simplifying notions of energy, mass, and light-while exploding commonly held misconceptions-they demonstrate how the structure of nature itself is contained within this equation. Along the way, we visit the site of one of the largest scientific experiments ever conducted: the now-famous Large Hadron Collider, a gigantic particle accelerator capable of re-creating conditions that existed fractions of a second after the Big Bang. A collaboration between one of the youngest professors in the United Kingdom and a distinguished popular physicist, Why Does E=mc2? is one of the most exciting and accessible explanations of the theory of relativity. Read more

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Journey into an unseen world—and to the frontiers of human knowledgeWelcome to Atom Land, a subatomic realm governed by the laws of particle physics. Here, electromagnetism is a highway system; the strong force, a railway; the weak force, an airline. With award-winning physicist Jon Butterworth as your guide, you’ll set sail from Port Electron in search of strange new terrain—from the Isle of Quarks to the very edge of Antimatter. Journey into an unseen world—and to the frontiers of human knowledge. Read more

The ultimate eye-opening journey through time and space, A Short History of Nearly Everything is the biggest-selling popular science book of the 21st century and has sold over 2 million copies.'Possibly the best scientific primer ever published.' Economist'Truly impressive...It's hard to imagine a better rough guide to science.' Guardian'A travelogue of science, with a witty, engaging, and well-informed guide' The TimesBill Bryson describes himself as a reluctant traveller, but even when he stays safely at home he can't contain his curiosity about the world around him. A Short History of Nearly Everything is his quest to understand everything that has happened from the Big Bang to the rise of civilization - how we got from there, being nothing at all, to here, being us.Bill Bryson's challenge is to take subjects that normally bore the pants off most of us, like geology, chemistry and particle physics, and see if there isn't some way to render them comprehensible to people who have never thought they could be interested in science. As a result, A Short History of Nearly Everything reveals the world in a way most of us have never seen it before. Read more

A brilliantly diverting and mind-expanding guide to quantum and particle physics.At the start of the twentieth century, our knowledge of science appeared complete and it seemed that the laws of nature were almost all discovered, but then we woke a sleeping giant—we discovered quantum mechanics. In the quantum realm, objects can be in two places at once. It’s a place where time travel is not only possible, but necessary. It’s a place where cause and effect can happen in reverse and observing something changes its state. From parallel universes to antimatter, quantum mechanics has revealed that when you get right down to it, the laws of nature are insane. The scientist J. B. S. Haldane once said, “Reality is not only stranger than we imagine, it’s stranger than we can imagine.” Never is this more true than with quantum mechanics. This comprehensive beginner’s guide to quantum mechanics explains not only the weirdness of the subject but the experiments that proved it to be true. Using a humorous and light-hearted approach, Fundamental tells the story of how the most brilliant minds in science grappled with seemingly impossible ideas and gave us everything from microchips to particle accelerators. Fundamental gives clear explanations of all the quantum phenomena known to modern science, without requiring an understanding of complex mathematics; it tells the eccentric stories of the scientists who made these shattering discoveries and what they used them for; it explains how quantum field theory (a topic not covered in detail by any other popular-science book) gave rise to particle physics and why the Higgs boson isn’t the end of the story. Read more

With more than 1 million copies sold worldwide, The Elements is the most entertaining, comprehensive, and visually arresting book on all 118 elements in the periodic table. Includes a poster of Theodore Gray's iconic photographic periodic table of the elements! Based on seven years of research and photography by Theodore Gray and Nick Mann, The Elements presents the most complete and visually arresting representation available to the naked eye of every atom in the universe. Organized sequentially by atomic number, every element is represented by a big beautiful photograph that most closely represents it in its purest form. Several additional photographs show each element in slightly altered forms or as used in various practical ways. Also included are fascinating stories of the elements, as well as data on the properties of each, including atomic number, atomic symbol, atomic weight, density, atomic radius, as well as scales for electron filling order, state of matter, and an atomic emission spectrum. This of solid science and stunning artistic photographs is the perfect gift book for every sentient creature in the universe. Read more

“The phrase ‘public intellectual’ is much bandied about. Just a few real heavyweights in the world merit the title, and Steven Weinberg is preeminent among them.”—Richard Dawkins“Weinberg has a knack for capturing a complex concept in a succinct, unforgettable image… One of the smartest and most diligent scientists around.”—NatureIn this wise and wide-ranging meditation, one of the most captivating science communicators of our time challenges us to reconsider the entanglement of science and society. From the cosmological to the personal, from astronomy and quantum physics to the folly of manned spaceflight and the rewards of getting things wrong, Steven Weinberg shares his views on the workings of the universe and our aspirations and limitations. Third Thoughts aims to provoke and inform and never loses sight of the human dimension of scientific discovery.“One of the 20th century’s greatest physicists…shares his strongly-held opinions on everything from the Higgs boson to the state of theoretical physics and the problems of science and society.”—Forbes“This book should be read not only for its insightful and illuminating explanations of a wide range of physical phenomena but also for the opportunity it affords to follow the wanderings of a brilliant mind through topics ranging from high-energy physics and the makeup of the cosmos to poetry, and from the history and philosophy of science to the dangers of economic inequality… [A] captivating book.”—Mario Livio, Science Read more

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“The Theory of Multidimensional Reality” is the latest development of this information theory of existence by the Author. The book applies the theory to explain what causes light, gravity, time, Planck’s constant, and other phenomena found in physics. The Theory provides a foundation philosophy for all of science to explain some of the hardest phenomenon found. The Theory of Multidimensional Reality is the world’s first purely information theory of existence. It states that matter is not the dominant thing in our Universe, but rather the information that creates our matter world. This book is the culmination of 40 years of study resulting in logical explanations for the hardest phenomena known. The author first presented the theory in his first book, Reality Revealed, the Theory of Multidimensional Reality in 1977. He further refined the theory in two successive books. The last book being God’s Day of Judgment, the Real Cause of Global Warming. That book used the theory to explain what causes the geomagnetic reversals and why they precede the Ice Ages. Also in that book he proves the exact number of years between reversals and that a clock cycle in the Universe causes the reversals. In this book, the author dedicates the book to applying the theory to explain all the hard phenomena, such as: What is light, time, gravity, it redefines the dimensions, the energy output of Quasars, how the atom is created in this dimension, and many others. The author calls this information theory of existence a foundation philosophy that all other sciences will build upon and will replace the matter-oriented theory of existence currently taught. Read more

SHORTLISTED FOR THE 2020 AAAS/SUBARU SB&F PRIZE FOR EXCELLENCE IN SCIENCE BOOKSHow new elements are discovered, why they matter and where they will take us.Creating an element is no easy feat. It's the equivalent of firing six trillion bullets a second at a needle in a haystack, hoping the bullet and needle somehow fuse together, then catching it in less than a thousandth of a second – after which it's gone forever. Welcome to the world of the superheavy elements: a realm where scientists use giant machines and spend years trying to make a single atom of mysterious artefacts that have never existed on Earth.From the first elements past uranium, and their role in the atomic bomb, to the latest discoveries stretching the bounds of our chemical world, Superheavy reveals the hidden stories lurking at the edges of the periodic table. Why did US Air Force fly planes into mushroom clouds? Who won the transfermium wars? How did an earthquake help give Japan its first element? And what happened when Superman almost spilled nuclear secrets?In a globe-trotting adventure that stretches from the United States to Russia, Sweden to Australia, Superheavy is your guide to the amazing science filling in the missing pieces of the periodic table. You'll not only marvel at how nuclear science has changed our lives – you'll wonder where it's going to take us in the future. Read more

"The whole thing was basically an experiment," Richard Feynman said late in his career, looking back on the origins of his lectures. The experiment turned out to be hugely successful, spawning publications that have remained definitive and introductory to physics for decades. Ranging from the basic principles of Newtonian physics through such formidable theories as general relativity and quantum mechanics, Feynman's lectures stand as a monument of clear exposition and deep insight.Timeless and collectible, the lectures are essential reading, not just for students of physics but for anyone seeking an introduction to the field from the inimitable Feynman. Read more

What are neutrinos? Why does nature need them? What use are they?Neutrinos are perhaps the most enigmatic particles in the universe. Formed in certain radioactive decays, they pass through most matter with ease. These tiny, ghostly particles are formed in millions in the Sun and pass through us constantly. For a long time they were thought to be massless, and passing as they do like ghosts they were not regarded as significant. Now we know they have a very small mass, and there are strong indications that they are very important indeed. It is speculated that a heavy form of neutrino, that is both matter and antimatter, may have shaped the balance of matter and antimatter in the early universe. Here, Frank Close gives an account of the discovery of neutrinos and our growing understanding of their significance, also touching on some speculative ideas concerning the possible uses of neutrinos and their role in the early universe. Read more

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A fun, dazzling exploration of the strange numbers that illuminate the ultimate nature of reality.For particularly brilliant theoretical physicists like James Clerk Maxwell, Paul Dirac, or Albert Einstein, the search for mathematical truths led to strange new understandings of the ultimate nature of reality. But what are these truths? What are the mysterious numbers that explain the universe? In Fantastic Numbers and Where to Find Them, the leading theoretical physicist and YouTube star Antonio Padilla takes us on an irreverent cosmic tour of nine of the most extraordinary numbers in physics, offering a startling picture of how the universe works. These strange numbers include Graham’s number, which is so large that if you thought about it in the wrong way, your head would collapse into a singularity; TREE(3), whose finite nature can never be definitively proved, because to do so would take so much time that the universe would experience a Poincaré Recurrence—resetting to precisely the state it currently holds, down to the arrangement of individual atoms; and 10^{-120}, measuring the desperately unlikely balance of energy needed to allow the universe to exist for more than just a moment, to extend beyond the size of a single atom—in other words, the mystery of our unexpected universe.Leading us down the rabbit hole to a deeper understanding of reality, Padilla explains how these unusual numbers are the key to understanding such mind-boggling phenomena as black holes, relativity, and the problem of the cosmological constant—that the two best and most rigorously tested ways of understanding the universe contradict one another. Fantastic Numbers and Where to Find Them is a combination of popular and cutting-edge science—and a lively, entertaining, and even funny exploration of the most fundamental truths about the universe. Read more

Amazon #1 Best Seller"It's very useful to have a unified overview of what we know, collected and recounted in one place. The Cosmic Machine​ will introduce you to the basic principles by which today's physicists organize the world." -Sean Carroll, author of The Big Picture: On the Origins of Life, Meaning, and the Universe Itself "A superb resource for science fans or those struggling to understand the subject; an impressive fit in an age of Bill Nye and Neil deGrasse Tyson web videos." -Kirkus Reviews​ "The Cosmic Machine​ succeeds on all accounts." -Midwest Book ReviewEnergy, Entropy, Atoms, and Quantum Mechanics form the very foundation of our universe. But how do they govern the world we live in? What was the difficult path to their discovery? Who were the key players that struggled to shape our current understanding?The Cosmic Machine​ takes you from the earliest scientific inquiries in human history on an exciting journey in search of the answers to these questions. In telling this fascinating story of science, the reader is masterfully guided through the wonderment of how scientific discoveries (and the key players of those discoveries) shaped the world as we know it today. With its unique blend of science, history, and biographies, The Cosmic Machine​ provides an easily accessible account without sacrificing the actual science itself. Not only will this book engage, enlighten, and entertain you, it will inspire your passion and curiosity for the world around us. Read more

This text provides an introduction to the science that governs the interaction of light and matter (in the gas phase). It provides readers with the basic knowledge to exploit the light-matter interaction to develop quantitative tools for gas analysis (i.e. optical diagnostics) and understand and interpret the results of spectroscopic measurements. The authors pair the basics of gas‐phase spectroscopy with coverage of key optical diagnostic techniques utilized by practicing engineers and scientists to measure fundamental flow‐field properties. The text is organized to cover three sub‐topics of gas‐phase spectroscopy: (1) spectral line positions, (2) spectral line strengths, and (3) spectral lineshapes by way of absorption, emission, and scattering interactions. The latter part of the book describes optical measurement techniques and equipment. Key subspecialties include laser induced fluorescence, tunable laser absorption spectroscopy, and wavelength modulation spectroscopy. It is idealfor students and practitioners across a range of applied sciences including mechanical, aerospace, chemical, and materials engineering. Read more

What is time? The Janus Point offers a ground-breaking solution to one of the greatest mysteries in physics.For over a century, the greatest minds have sought to understand why time seems to flow in one direction, ever forward. In The Janus Point, Julian Barbour offers a radically new answer: it doesn't.At the heart of this book, Barbour provides a new vision of the Big Bang - the Janus Point - from which time flows in two directions, its currents driven by the expansion of the universe and the growth of order in the galaxies, planets and life itself. What emerges is not just a revolutionary new theory of time, but a hopeful argument about the destiny of our universe.'Both a work of literature and a masterpiece of scientific thought' Lee Smolin, author of The Trouble with Physics'Profound...original...accessible to anyone who has pondered the mysteries of space and time' Martin Rees, Astronomer Royal 'Takes on fundamental questions, offering a new perspective on how the Universe started and where it may be headed' Science Magazine Read more

In this compelling introduction to the fundamental particles that make up the universe, Frank Close takes us on a journey into the atom to examine known particles such as quarks, electrons, and the ghostly neutrino. Along the way he provides fascinating insights into how discoveries in particle physics have actually been made, and discusses how our picture of the world has been radically revised in the light of these developments. He concludes by looking ahead to new ideas about the mystery of antimatter, the number of dimensions that there might be in the universe, and to what the next 50 years of research might reveal. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable. Read more

Dive into the revolutionary world of nanotechnology with this comprehensive guide designed for engineers, scientists, and enthusiasts. This book unravels the complexities of nanotechnology engineering by focusing on molecular machines and self-assembly, bringing key concepts to life with clear explanations and practical Python code. Unlock the potential of molecular dynamics, quantum simulations, and advanced computational models to propel your understanding of nanoscale systems to new heights.Key Features:- Comprehensive exploration of 66 cutting-edge topics in nanotechnology- Practical Python code for every chapter to enhance learning and application- Insightful discussions on theoretical frameworks and their real-world applications- Step-by-step guides for simulating molecular interactions and designing nanomachines- Multi-disciplinary approach bridging physics, chemistry, engineering, and computer scienceWhat You Will Learn:- The role of the Langevin and Fokker-Planck equations in molecular motion modeling- Applications of stochastic differential equations to random perturbations in nanomachines- How to use the master equation for predicting complex reaction behaviors- Theoretical insights into Brownian ratchets and directional molecular motion- Kinetic modeling of self-assembly processes with rate equations- Implementing Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations- Transition state theory applications in reaction mechanisms analysis- Energy landscape theory for understanding folding pathways and stability- Thermodynamic integration techniques for free-energy calculations- Utilizing path integral formulation for quantum properties analysis- Quantum mechanical simulations and their impact on nanoscale operations- Density Functional Theory for electronic property exploration- Self-consistent field theory in modeling polymers within self-assembled systems- Innovations in elastic network models for probing protein nanomachines- Leveraging coarse-grained models to simplify molecular machine dynamics- Developing force field parameters for fine-tuned molecular simulations- Adaptive biasing force algorithm for energy landscape exploration- Non-equilibrium molecular dynamics for off-balance process study- Bridging nanoscales with meshfree and multi-scale modeling methods- Reaction-diffusion models for pattern formation in nanostructures- Exploring Hamiltonian and generalized Langevin dynamics in simulations- Advanced kinetic Monte Carlo methods for temporal molecular behaviors- Enhancing simulations with non-Boltzmann sampling algorithms- Force-clamp dynamics for mechanotransduction insights- Using the string method to identify transition states and energy paths- Ab initio molecular dynamics for real-time electronic structure simulation- Quantum/Classical hybrid methods for nanoscale systems requiring quantum accuracy- Green's function techniques for electronic transport analysis- Finite element methods in nanoscale structural mechanics- Applying random walk theory to diffusion processes in nanostructures- Understanding nonequilibrium processes with fluctuation theorems- Pathway optimizing algorithms for efficient reaction network designUnleash the potential of nanotechnology engineering and harness molecular machines' power in groundbreaking applications. Transform theory into practice with Python-coded simulations and computational models that bring you to the forefront of nanoscale innovation. Read more